Drug safety study

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of heart failure in four European countries: nested case-control study

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the cardiovascular safety of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and estimate the risk of hospital admission for heart failure with use of individual NSAIDs. DESIGN: Nested case-control study. SETTING: Five poplation based healthcare databases from four European countries (the Netherlands, Italy, Germany, and the United Kingdom)

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Useful Interplay Between Spontaneous ADR Reports and Electronic Healthcare Records in Signal Detection

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Spontaneous reporting systems (SRSs) remain the cornerstone of post-marketing drug safety surveillance despite their well-known limitations. Judicious use of other available data sources is essential to enable better detecion, strengthening and validation of signals. In this study, we investigated the potential of electronic healthcare records (EHRs) to be used alongside an SRS as an independent system, with the aim of improving signal detection

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The role of electronic healthcare record databases in paediatric drug safety surveillance: a retrospective cohort study

AIM: Electronic healthcare record (EHR)-based surveillance systems are increasingly being developed to support early detection of safety signals. It is unknown what the power of such a system is for surveillance among children and adolescents. In tis paper we provide estimates of the number and classes of drugs, and incidence rates (IRs) of events, that can be monitored in children and adolescents (0-18 years)

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Quick assessment of drug-related admissions over time (QUADRAT study)

PURPOSE: To develop a computerized prescreening procedure for the identification of possible/probably Hospital Admissions potential Related to Medications (HARMs). METHOD: Pairs of drugs and reasons for hospitalization (generated automatically fromthe PHARMO record linkage database by using two data mining techniques) were assessed manually to determine whether they represented pharmacologically plausible adverse drug events (PP-ADEs)

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Treatment with rivastigmine or galantamine and risk of urinary incontinence: results from a Dutch database study

BACKGROUND: Treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD) with cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) may increase the risk of urinary incontinence (UI). OBJECTIVE: To assess whether ChEI use was associated with the risk of UI among older patients with AD. METHOD: A crossover cohort study using the PHARMO Record Linkage System included 10 years of data on drug dispensing histories for over two million Dutch residents

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Evaluating performance of electronic healthcare records and spontaneous reporting data in drug safety signal detection

Background Electronic reporting and processing of suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is increasing and has facilitated automated screening procedures. It is crucial for healthcare professionals to understand the nature and proper use of data aailable in pharmacovigilance practice. Objectives To (a) compare performance of EU-ADR [electronic healthcare record (EHR) exemplar] and FAERS [spontaneous reporting system (SRS) exemplar] databases in detecting signals using “positive” and “negative” drug-event reference sets; and (b) evaluate the impact of timing bias on sensitivity thresholds by comparing all data to data restricted to the time before a warning/regulatory action

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Risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding from different drug combinations

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Concomitant use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and low-dose aspirin increases the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). Guidelines suggest avoiding certain drug combinations, yet little is known abouthe magnitude of their interactions. We estimated the risk of UGIB during concomitant use of nonselective (ns)NSAIDs, cyclooxygenase -2 selective inhibitors (COX-2 inhibitors), and low-dose aspirin with other drugs

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Signal detection of potentially drug-induced acute liver injury in children using a multi-country healthcare database network

BACKGROUND: Data mining in spontaneous reporting databases has shown that drug-induced liver injury is infrequently reported in children. OBJECTIVES: Our objectives were to (i) identify drugs potentially associated with acute liver injury (ALI) inhildren and adolescents using electronic healthcare record (EHR) data; and (ii) to evaluate the significance and novelty of these associations

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